Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: F. nucleatum is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. (A) A cladogram representation of by 16S rDNA sequencing data from CRC patients with (n = 9) and without (n = 7) metastasis. Taxa enriched in patients with metastasis (red) and without metastasis (green). The brightness of each dot is proportional to its effect size. (B) Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) coupled with effect size measurements identified the significantly differential abundances in the data referenced in A. Only taxa with values greater than the LDA threshold of 3.6 are shown. (C) Statistical analysis of the abundance of F. nucleatum in CRC patients with or without metastasis (** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test). (D) Representative images of FISH to assess the amount of F. nucleatum in metastatic CRC tissues (n = 62), non-metastatic CRC tissues (n = 32) and matched lymph nodes. EUB338 (red) is a Cy3-conjugated “universal bacterial” oligonucleotide probe; FUS664 (green) is a FITC-conjugated F. nucleatum oligonucleotide probe. 200× magnification. (E-H) Statistical analysis of the mRNA expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin in CRC patients with or without metastasis (E-F; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test; the error bars indicate the SDs). Correlation analysis of the abundance of F. nucleatum and the expression levels of E-cadherin and Vimentin in cancer tissues (G-H; two-tailed, nonparametric Spearman correlation). (I-J) Western blot analysis was performed with CRC cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), F. nucleatum (ATCC10951), E. coli or PBS (control).

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Sequencing, MANN-WHITNEY, Expressing, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: F. nucleatum Promotes Cancer Autophagy Activation in vitro. (A) ssGSEA was conducted to reveal the relationship between the abundance of F. nucleatum and the autophagy-related pathway activity in CRC cells. (B-F) Real-time PCR was performed in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01) or PBS (control) (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test; the bars indicate the SD of three experiments). (G-H) Western blot analysis was performed to detect autophagy element expression in HCT116 (G) and SW480 (H) cells cocultured with F. nucleatum , E. coli or PBS (control). (I-J) Immunofluorescence images of LC3-Ⅱ in HCT116 cells infected with or without F. nucleatum (F01; I). The positive cells were counted in five randomly chosen fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (J; ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test). (K-L) Representative electron micrographs of autophagosomes (red arrows) in HCT116 cells infected with or without F. nucleatum (F01) (K; scale bar, 0.5 µm). Quantification of cells containing autophagosomes (from K) in five randomly chosen fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (L; * P < 0.05, and ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test).

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Activation Assay, In Vitro, Activity Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Western Blot, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Infection

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: F. nucleatum Induces Cancer Metastasis via the Autophagy Pathway. (A) Western blot analysis was performed in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), the autophagy inhibitor CQ (20 µM) or PBS (control). (B-D) Transwell assays (B) were conducted with HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or PBS (control). The indicated migrated (C) and invaded (D) cells were quantified in five randomly selected fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test). (E-F) The mRNA expression of E-cadherin (E) and Vimentin (F) was analyzed in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or PBS (control) (* P < 0.05 and ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test; the bars indicate the SD of three experiments) (G) Schematic of the experimental setup. (H-K) Representative colorectal tumors (red arrows) and H&E staining and FISH images of tumors in APC Min/+ mice treated with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or PBS control (I). Statistical analysis of mouse weights (H; two-way ANOVA combined with Bonferroni's post hoc test), tumor numbers (J; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test) and tumor sizes (K) in the different groups (n = 5-6 mice/group; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; the error bars indicate the SDs). (L) E-cadherin expression in tumors from APC Min/+ mice treated with PBS (control), CQ, F. nucleatum (F01) or F. nucleatum (F01) + CQ was measured by immunohistochemical analysis. (M) Western blot analysis was performed with tissues from APC Min/+ mice in the different groups.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Expressing, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 Expression is Associated with F. nucleatum. (A) GSEA for CARD3 expression with metastatic gene sets using the GSE21510 dataset (NES = -1.860, P = 0.0058, FDR = 0.055). (B-C) Statistical analysis of CARD3 mRNA expression in CRC tissues from patients with or without metastasis (B; *** P < 0.001; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test; the error bars indicate the SDs). Correlation analysis of the abundance of F.nucleatum and the expression of CARD3 in CRC tissues (C; r = 0.6839, P < 0.001; two-tailed, nonparametric Spearman correlation). (D-E) Representative images showing that the abundance of invasive F. nucleatum in CRC tissues is associated with CARD3 expression. 100× or 200× magnification (D). CARD3 protein levels in 21 F. nucleatum- low and 22 F. nucleatum- high CRC tissues from patients were measured by immunohistochemical analysis (E; * P < 0.05; unpaired Student's t -test; the error bars indicate the SDs). (F) Representative images of Western blots comparing the expression of CARD3 in F. nucleatum- low and F. nucleatum- high CRC tissues from patients. (G-I) Statistical analysis of CARD3 mRNA expression in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01, G). Western blot analysis was performed to measure CARD3 expression in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01) or E. coli in a time-dependent (H) or MOI-dependent (I) manner.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY, Two Tailed Test, Immunohistochemical staining, Western Blot

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 is Involved in F. nucleatum -Mediated Autophagy. (A) Domain architecture of CARD3 and alignment of the LIR motifs (pink) between humans and rodents. (B) Western blot analysis was performed with HCT116 cells transfected with CARD3-targeting siRNA and cocultured with either PBS or F. nucleatum (F01). (C-D) Representative electron micrographs of autophagosomes (red arrows) in HCT116 cells infected with F. nucleatum (F01, blue arrows) or transfected with CARD3-targeting siRNA (C; scale bar, 0.5 µm). Quantification of cells containing autophagosomes (from C) was conducted with five random fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (D; * P < 0.05, and ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test). (E-F) Representative immunofluorescence images of LC3-Ⅱ in HCT116 cells (E; scale bar, 10 µm). The positive cells were counted in five random fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (F; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test). (G) Schematic of the experimental setup. (H-J) Representative colorectal tumors (red arrows) and H&E staining of tumors from CARD3 wt and CARD3 -/- mice (I; 200× magnification). Statistical analysis of the tumor numbers (H) and sizes (J) in the different groups of mice (n = 5 mice/group; * P < 0.05; unpaired Student's t -test; the error bars indicate the SDs). (K) Western blot analysis was performed with CARD3 wt and CARD3 -/- mouse tissues.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Western Blot, Transfection, Infection, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 is Involved in F. nucleatum -Mediated Autophagy in vitro. (A-F) Transwell assays were conducted with HCT116 cells (A) and SW480 cells (B) treated with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or siCARD3. The indicated migrated and invaded cells were quantified in five random fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (C-F; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test). (G) Western blot analysis was performed with HCT116 cells treated with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or siCARD3.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: In Vitro, Western Blot

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 is Involved in F. nucleatum -Mediated Autophagy in vivo. (A-D) Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was used to monitor metastases (A) in the lungs (B), livers (C), and intestines (D) of wild-type BALB/cJ mice (n = 5-6 mice/group). Representative gross lungs and H&E-stained lung and liver sections from mice (A). The data are presented as the means ± SDs (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). (E-F) The metastatic foci in lungs (E) and livers (F) were counted. The data are presented as the means ± SDs. (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test).

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: In Vivo, Imaging, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clinicopathologic characteristics in F. nucleatum -low vs. F. nucleatum -high colorectal cancers

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Significance Assay

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: F. nucleatum is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. (A) A cladogram representation of by 16S rDNA sequencing data from CRC patients with (n = 9) and without (n = 7) metastasis. Taxa enriched in patients with metastasis (red) and without metastasis (green). The brightness of each dot is proportional to its effect size. (B) Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) coupled with effect size measurements identified the significantly differential abundances in the data referenced in A. Only taxa with values greater than the LDA threshold of 3.6 are shown. (C) Statistical analysis of the abundance of F. nucleatum in CRC patients with or without metastasis (** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test). (D) Representative images of FISH to assess the amount of F. nucleatum in metastatic CRC tissues (n = 62), non-metastatic CRC tissues (n = 32) and matched lymph nodes. EUB338 (red) is a Cy3-conjugated “universal bacterial” oligonucleotide probe; FUS664 (green) is a FITC-conjugated F. nucleatum oligonucleotide probe. 200× magnification. (E-H) Statistical analysis of the mRNA expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin in CRC patients with or without metastasis (E-F; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test; the error bars indicate the SDs). Correlation analysis of the abundance of F. nucleatum and the expression levels of E-cadherin and Vimentin in cancer tissues (G-H; two-tailed, nonparametric Spearman correlation). (I-J) Western blot analysis was performed with CRC cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), F. nucleatum (ATCC10951), E. coli or PBS (control).

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Sequencing, MANN-WHITNEY, Expressing, Two Tailed Test, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: F. nucleatum Promotes Cancer Autophagy Activation in vitro. (A) ssGSEA was conducted to reveal the relationship between the abundance of F. nucleatum and the autophagy-related pathway activity in CRC cells. (B-F) Real-time PCR was performed in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01) or PBS (control) (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test; the bars indicate the SD of three experiments). (G-H) Western blot analysis was performed to detect autophagy element expression in HCT116 (G) and SW480 (H) cells cocultured with F. nucleatum , E. coli or PBS (control). (I-J) Immunofluorescence images of LC3-Ⅱ in HCT116 cells infected with or without F. nucleatum (F01; I). The positive cells were counted in five randomly chosen fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (J; ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test). (K-L) Representative electron micrographs of autophagosomes (red arrows) in HCT116 cells infected with or without F. nucleatum (F01) (K; scale bar, 0.5 µm). Quantification of cells containing autophagosomes (from K) in five randomly chosen fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (L; * P < 0.05, and ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test).

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Activation Assay, In Vitro, Activity Assay, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Control, Western Blot, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Infection

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: F. nucleatum Induces Cancer Metastasis via the Autophagy Pathway. (A) Western blot analysis was performed in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), the autophagy inhibitor CQ (20 µM) or PBS (control). (B-D) Transwell assays (B) were conducted with HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or PBS (control). The indicated migrated (C) and invaded (D) cells were quantified in five randomly selected fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test). (E-F) The mRNA expression of E-cadherin (E) and Vimentin (F) was analyzed in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or PBS (control) (* P < 0.05 and ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test; the bars indicate the SD of three experiments) (G) Schematic of the experimental setup. (H-K) Representative colorectal tumors (red arrows) and H&E staining and FISH images of tumors in APC Min/+ mice treated with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or PBS control (I). Statistical analysis of mouse weights (H; two-way ANOVA combined with Bonferroni's post hoc test), tumor numbers (J; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test) and tumor sizes (K) in the different groups (n = 5-6 mice/group; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; the error bars indicate the SDs). (L) E-cadherin expression in tumors from APC Min/+ mice treated with PBS (control), CQ, F. nucleatum (F01) or F. nucleatum (F01) + CQ was measured by immunohistochemical analysis. (M) Western blot analysis was performed with tissues from APC Min/+ mice in the different groups.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Expressing, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 Expression is Associated with F. nucleatum. (A) GSEA for CARD3 expression with metastatic gene sets using the GSE21510 dataset (NES = -1.860, P = 0.0058, FDR = 0.055). (B-C) Statistical analysis of CARD3 mRNA expression in CRC tissues from patients with or without metastasis (B; *** P < 0.001; nonparametric Mann-Whitney test; the error bars indicate the SDs). Correlation analysis of the abundance of F.nucleatum and the expression of CARD3 in CRC tissues (C; r = 0.6839, P < 0.001; two-tailed, nonparametric Spearman correlation). (D-E) Representative images showing that the abundance of invasive F. nucleatum in CRC tissues is associated with CARD3 expression. 100× or 200× magnification (D). CARD3 protein levels in 21 F. nucleatum- low and 22 F. nucleatum- high CRC tissues from patients were measured by immunohistochemical analysis (E; * P < 0.05; unpaired Student's t -test; the error bars indicate the SDs). (F) Representative images of Western blots comparing the expression of CARD3 in F. nucleatum- low and F. nucleatum- high CRC tissues from patients. (G-I) Statistical analysis of CARD3 mRNA expression in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01, G). Western blot analysis was performed to measure CARD3 expression in HCT116 cells cocultured with F. nucleatum (F01) or E. coli in a time-dependent (H) or MOI-dependent (I) manner.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY, Two Tailed Test, Immunohistochemical staining, Western Blot

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 is Involved in F. nucleatum -Mediated Autophagy. (A) Domain architecture of CARD3 and alignment of the LIR motifs (pink) between humans and rodents. (B) Western blot analysis was performed with HCT116 cells transfected with CARD3-targeting siRNA and cocultured with either PBS or F. nucleatum (F01). (C-D) Representative electron micrographs of autophagosomes (red arrows) in HCT116 cells infected with F. nucleatum (F01, blue arrows) or transfected with CARD3-targeting siRNA (C; scale bar, 0.5 µm). Quantification of cells containing autophagosomes (from C) was conducted with five random fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (D; * P < 0.05, and ** P < 0.01; unpaired Student's t -test). (E-F) Representative immunofluorescence images of LC3-Ⅱ in HCT116 cells (E; scale bar, 10 µm). The positive cells were counted in five random fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (F; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test). (G) Schematic of the experimental setup. (H-J) Representative colorectal tumors (red arrows) and H&E staining of tumors from CARD3 wt and CARD3 -/- mice (I; 200× magnification). Statistical analysis of the tumor numbers (H) and sizes (J) in the different groups of mice (n = 5 mice/group; * P < 0.05; unpaired Student's t -test; the error bars indicate the SDs). (K) Western blot analysis was performed with CARD3 wt and CARD3 -/- mouse tissues.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Western Blot, Transfection, Infection, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 is Involved in F. nucleatum -Mediated Autophagy in vitro. (A-F) Transwell assays were conducted with HCT116 cells (A) and SW480 cells (B) treated with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or siCARD3. The indicated migrated and invaded cells were quantified in five random fields, and the data are presented as the means ± SDs (C-F; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; unpaired Student's t -test). (G) Western blot analysis was performed with HCT116 cells treated with F. nucleatum (F01), CQ or siCARD3.

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: In Vitro, Western Blot

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: CARD3 is Involved in F. nucleatum -Mediated Autophagy in vivo. (A-D) Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was used to monitor metastases (A) in the lungs (B), livers (C), and intestines (D) of wild-type BALB/cJ mice (n = 5-6 mice/group). Representative gross lungs and H&E-stained lung and liver sections from mice (A). The data are presented as the means ± SDs (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). (E-F) The metastatic foci in lungs (E) and livers (F) were counted. The data are presented as the means ± SDs. (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test).

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: In Vivo, Imaging, Staining, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Theranostics

Article Title: Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer by Activating Autophagy Signaling via the Upregulation of CARD3 Expression

doi: 10.7150/thno.38870

Figure Lengend Snippet: Clinicopathologic characteristics in F. nucleatum -low vs. F. nucleatum -high colorectal cancers

Article Snippet: F. nucleatum strain (F01) and F. nucleatum strain (ATCC10953) were kindly supplied by Dr. Xiangsheng Fu of The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.

Techniques: Significance Assay